Galette v. New Jersey Transit Corp. · ¶22

A State's immunity from suit is a “fundamental aspect of the sovereignty which the States enjoyed before the ratification of the Constitution, and which they retain today.” Alden v. Maine, 527 U. S. 706, 713 (1999). State sovereign immunity bars private parties from suing a nonconsenting State in that State's own courts or in the courts of another State. See Franchise Tax Bd. of Cal. v. Hyatt, 587 U. S. 230, 249 (2019). In so doing, it prevents “the indignity of subjecting a State to the coercive process of judicial tribunals at the instance of private parties.” In re Ayers, 123 U. S. 443, 505 (1887). It also protects the State from “being thrust . . . against its will, into the disfavored status of a debtor, subject to the power of private citizens to levy on its treasury.” Alden, 527 U. S., at 749.

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