Louisiana v. Callais · ¶21

Bolden roused “ `an avalanche of criticism, both in the media and within the civil rights community.' ” Allen v. Milligan, 599 U. S. 1, 11 (2023) (quoting T. Boyd & S. Mark- man, The 1982 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act: A Legislative History, 40 Wash. & Lee L. Rev. 1347, 1355 (1983)). Critics argued that a focus on discriminatory intent, rather than discriminatory effects, would defeat worthy claims because of the difficulty of proving intentional discrimination. See 599 U. S., at 11.

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