Louisiana v. Callais · ¶88

First, in drawing illustrative maps, plaintiffs cannot use race as a districting criterion. If a plaintiff can produce an additional majority-minority district only by using race—a process that would be unconstitutional if a State engaged in such mapmaking, see Alexander, 602 U. S., at 6—that illustrative map sheds no light on whether the State acted unconstitutionally by not adopting such a map. Thus, an illustrative map in which race was used has no value in proving a § 2 plaintiff 's case.

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