Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump · ¶430

Congress ordinarily seeks “to give the President substantial authority and fexibility to protect America and the American people.” Consumers' Research, 606 U. S., at 706– 707 (Kavanaugh, J., concurring). After all, the President exercises the “vast share of responsibility for the conduct of our foreign relations.” American Ins. Assn. v. Garamendi, 539 U. S. 396, 414 (2003) (quotation marks omitted). So Congress “often” gives the President “a degree of discretion.” Curtiss-Wright, 299 U. S., at 320. That “unbroken legislative practice” from the Founding means that courts interpreting statutes in the foreign affairs field should assume that Congress meant what it said. Id., at 322.

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