West Virginia v. B. P. J. · ¶77
The States start with the undisputed proposition that biological males generally possess inherent physical advantages in sports—in height, weight, strength, speed, endurance, jumping ability, and the like. See United States v. Virginia, 518 U. S., at 533 (“Physical differences between men and women . . . are enduring”). Therefore, the States say, limiting women’s and girls’ sports to biological females (i) helps prevent serious physical injuries to female athletes and (ii) preserves opportunities for female athletes to fairly compete and succeed. And more broadly, the States articulate the objective of promoting “equal athletic opportunities for the female sex”—that is, to provide opportunities for biological women and girls to compete only against other biological women and girls. W. Va. Code Ann. §18–2–25d(a)(5); see also Idaho Code Ann. §33–6202(12) (“Having separate sex-specific…Read in context ›
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