Urias-Orellana v. Bondi · ¶29

Like this case, Elias-Zacarias began with an IJ's determination that a noncitizen was ineligible for asylum. Id., at 480. Elias-Zacarias had testified that he feared retaliation in his home country of Guatemala after he refused to join a group of guerillas who had attempted to recruit him. Id., at 479–480. But the IJ concluded that this testimony “failed to demonstrate persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion” as the INA requires. Id., at 480 (citing 8 U. S. C. §§ 1101(a)(42), 1158(a)). After the BIA affirmed, Elias-Zacarias sought review in federal court. 502 U. S., at 480.

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