T. M. v. University of Md. Medical System Corporation · ¶18

T. M. filed a timely petition for a writ of certiorari seeking review of the Fourth Circuit’s conclusion that the Rooker- Feldman doctrine can be triggered by a state-court judgment that remains subject to further review in state court. The Sixth Circuit has taken the same position as the Fourth Circuit. See RLR Invs., LLC v. Pigeon Forge, 4 F. 4th 380, 389–390, 396 (2021). Other Circuits have held that Rooker- Feldman applies only if the state-court proceedings have “ended.” See, e.g., Federación de Maestros de P. R. v. Junta de Relaciones del Trabajo de P. R., 410 F. 3d 17, 24–25 (CA1 2005) (outlining three-part test to determine whether state proceedings have functionally “ended”). The Court granted certiorari to resolve the conflict among the Courts of Appeals. 607 U. S. 1079 (2025).

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