T. M. v. University of Md. Medical System Corporation · ¶82

Since the founding, there has been no doubt that inferior “federal” courts have the power “to review the proceedings of ” “State courts” only if Congress, in its “discretion,” has given them “appellate jurisdiction” to do so. The Federalist Nos. 81, 82, at 488–490, 493–495 (A. Hamilton); see also Hudson, 7 Cranch, at 33. Congress “is not limited by the constitution to any particular mode, or time of exercising it,” but there must be a statutory grant of revising power over state-court judgments before inferior courts can revise them. Hunter’s Lessee, 1 Wheat., at 349; accord, 3 Story §1755, at 627 (“any form, which the legislature may choose to prescribe”).

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