Trump v. Slaughter · ¶170

From here, “many more . . . for-cause removal provisions followed.” Seila Law, 591 U. S., at 275–276 (opinion of KAGAN, J.). Today, dozens of agencies are headed by commissioners or board members removable only for cause. Id., at 276; see J. Manners & L. Menand, The Three Permissions: Presidential Removal and the Statutory Limits of Agency Independence, 121 Colum. L. Rev. 1, 74–79 (2021) (Manners & Menand) (collecting additional agencies). Thus, unlike in other recent cases, in which the Court considered agencies that it deemed “historical anomal[ies]” with “no foothold in history or tradition,” here history and tradition point in the opposite direction. Seila Law, 591 U. S., at 222; see Free Enterprise Fund, 561 U. S., at 505.

slip opinion, revised 7/07/26
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