Trump v. Barbara · ¶298

The District Court ruled for the plaintiffs. It interpreted the Citizenship Clause to guarantee citizenship to the children of all lawful temporary visitors and illegal aliens. As to relief, the District Court certified a provisional universal class under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 23(b)(2), which states that class actions may be maintained if the defendant “has acted or refused to act on grounds that apply generally to the class, so that final injunctive relief . . . is appropriate respecting the class as a whole.” The certified class consisted of “[a]ll current and future persons . . . born on or after February 20, 2025” who fall within the two categories covered by the President’s order. 790 F. Supp. 3d 80, 105 (NH 2025). The District Court entered a class- wide preliminary injunction prohibiting enforcement of the Citizenship Order against anyone in the class—meaning anyone at…

slip opinion, revised 7/01/26
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