Mullin v. Al Otro Lado · ¶77

The same rationale seems to apply to §1252(f )(1): Declaratory judgments that immigration enforcement actions are unlawful have the practical effect of “restraining” the Government in the same way that an injunction would. See Alli v. Decker, 650 F. 3d 1007, 1019 (CA3 2011) (Fuentes, J., dissenting). After all, the Government “conform[s] its current conduct to what a court has declared to be the law,” just as it would under an injunction. Tr. of Oral Arg. 89. If anything, §1252(f )(1) more clearly forbids such declaratory relief than the Tax Injunction Act because it carried over nearly the exact words that Grace Brethren Church had already interpreted to preclude declaratory relief. See Wil liams v. Taylor, 529 U. S. 420, 434 (2000); Learning Re sources, Inc. v. Trump, 607 U. S. 229, 344–345 (2026) (KAVANAUGH, J., dissenting).

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