Allen v. Milligan · ¶8

Callais updated these standards. As relevant here, we held that for plaintiffs to satisfy the first Gingles precondition, a plaintiff's alternative map “must meet all the State's legitimate districting objectives” “just as well” as the State's own map. 608 U. S., at 119 (emphasis added). Those legitimate districting objectives, we held, include “the State's specified political goals” and “any other goal not prohibited by the Constitution.” Ibid. A plaintiff also “cannot use race as a districting criterion” in preparing the alternative map. Ibid. To prove the second and third preconditions, a plaintiff “must provide an analysis that controls for party affliation” and “show that voters engage in racial bloc voting that cannot be explained by partisan affliation.” Id., at 119–120. These updates, we held, were necessary to avoid requiring congressional maps under § 2 that would be…

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